Spain and Portugal have declared states of emergency following a massive and mysterious power outage that brought both countries to a standstill on Monday.
The blackout, which affected the entire Iberian Peninsula and parts of France, plunged cities into chaos — knocking out traffic lights, halting flights, and forcing businesses to close. With cyberattacks officially ruled out, some media reports have pointed to a rare and bizarre cause: an ‘induced atmospheric vibration’ — a little-known phenomenon where sudden weather fluctuations disrupt high-voltage power lines.
Authorities were initially left baffled. Portugal’s grid operator, REN, confirmed that electricity was lost across the country shortly after midday, and the disruption quickly spread into Spain. While power began returning in phases by evening, officials in both nations scrambled to restore order and coordinate a unified emergency response.
Daily life was immediately upended. Traffic police across major cities had to manually direct vehicles, supermarkets and restaurants shut their doors, and digital payments ground to a halt as people reverted to using cash. In Madrid alone, emergency services reported more than 170 elevator rescues. Airlines cancelled or delayed dozens of flights, leaving passengers stranded and confused.
Social media was flooded with footage showing residents in Portugal cheering as lights flickered back on late Monday night. In Spain, authorities urged the public to stay home unless absolutely necessary and to limit calls to emergency services. The capital’s regional president, Isabel Díaz Ayuso, even requested military deployment to support overwhelmed civil responders.
Though cyberattacks were quickly dismissed as a cause, the precise trigger remained elusive. Portuguese Prime Minister António Costa, currently serving as President of the European Council, stated there were “no indications” of malicious interference. However, political tensions began brewing, as Portugal’s leadership emphasized the issue “did not originate in Portugal,” suggesting that the source lay across the border.
João Faria Conceição, REN’s CEO, explained that Portugal’s heavy reliance on imported electricity from Spain during the early hours — due to solar energy cost efficiencies — made the country especially vulnerable. As Spain received emergency assistance from France and Morocco, Portugal, geographically isolated, had no immediate backup.
By early Tuesday morning, Spain’s national grid operator, Red Eléctrica, reported that 99% of power had been restored. Portugal’s grid was also steadily recovering.
As investigations continue, meteorological experts have offered a possible explanation: rapid temperature changes — or prolonged periods of extreme heat — may have caused high-voltage lines to oscillate. These vibrations, while rare, can overwhelm power systems. According to AccuWeather, such “induced atmospheric vibrations” can disrupt energy infrastructure without warning.
REN further clarified that these oscillations likely stemmed from “extreme temperature variations in the interior of Spain,” affecting 400 kV transmission lines.
Of course, for South Africans familiar with load shedding, this strange atmospheric anomaly might sound suspiciously familiar. As one local joked: “Here in South Africa, ‘induced atmospheric vibrations’ are simply called Eskom.”
